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Compare Reunion (2004) - Baker Island (2006)

Compare Reunion (2004) z Baker Island (2006)

 Reunion (2004)Baker Island (2006)
 ReunionBaker Island
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons -
Age structure 0-14 years: 30.9% (male 121,050; female 115,440)


15-64 years: 63.1% (male 238,553; female 245,236)


65 years and over: 6% (male 18,626; female 27,248) (2004 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn -
Airports 2 (2003 est.) one abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m covered with vegetation and unusable (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 2,517 sq km


land: 2,507 sq km


water: 10 sq km		 total: 1.4 sq km


land: 1.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Rhode Island about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.
Birth rate 19.69 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Budget revenues: $1.26 billion


expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1998)		 -
Capital Saint-Denis -
Climate tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Coastline 207 km 4.8 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) -
Country name conventional long form: Department of Reunion


conventional short form: Reunion


local long form: none


local short form: Ile de la Reunion


former: Bourbon Island		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Baker Island
Currency euro (EUR) -
Death rate 5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Debt - external NA -
Dependency status overseas department of France unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) -
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.) -
Economy - overview The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 1.005 billion kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 1.08 billion kWh (2001) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 8 m
Environment - current issues NA no natural fresh water resources
Ethnic groups French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Dominique VIAN (since 16 August 2004)


head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils		 -
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) -
Exports - partners France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description the flag of France is used the flag of the US is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $4.348 billion (2003 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 8%


industry: 19%


services: 73% (2000 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,800 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2.5% (2003 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 21 06 S, 55 36 E 0 13 N, 176 28 W
Geography - note this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife
Highways total: 2,724 km


paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road)


unpaved: 1,424 km (1994)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products -
Imports - partners France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000) -
Independence none (overseas department of France) -
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction -
Infant mortality rate total: 7.95 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.71 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA -
International organization participation InOC, UPU, WFTU -
Irrigated land 120 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km
Judicial branch Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel -
Labor force 309,900 (2000) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 13.6%


permanent crops: 1.2%


other: 85.2% (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages French (official), Creole widely used -
Legal system French law the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2010)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7


note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.69 years


male: 70.29 years


female: 77.26 years (2004 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 88.9%


male: 87%


female: 90.8% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia
Map references World Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT


by type: chemical tanker 1


foreign-owned: Sweden 1


registered in other countries: 1		 -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 202,385 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 103,073 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 7,070 (2004 est.) -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) -
Nationality noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)


adjective: Reunionese		 -
Natural hazards periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources fish, arable land, hydropower guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [leader NA] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 766,153 (July 2004 est.) uninhabited


note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 1.42% (2004 est.) -
Ports and harbors Le Port, Pointe des Galets -
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001) -
Religions Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis


domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network


international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 300,000 est (2001) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 489,800 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001) -
Terrain mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Total fertility rate 2.5 children born/woman (2004 est.) -
Transportation - note - there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast
Unemployment rate 36% (1999 est.) -
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